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What are the classifications of oil storage tanks? Oil storage tanks are containers for storing oil products and are the main equipment of oil depots. Oil storage tanks can be divided into metal oil tanks and non-metallic oil tanks according to their materials; According to its location, it can be divided into underground oil tanks, semi underground oil tanks, and above ground oil tanks; According to the installation form, it can be divided into vertical and horizontal types; According to its shape, it can be divided into cylindrical, square, and spherical shapes.

(1) Metal fuel tank

A metal fuel tank is a container made of welded steel plate material. The plate used for ordinary metal oil tanks is open-hearth boiling steel, with a grade of A3F; A3 open hearth killed steel is used in cold regions; For large capacity oil tanks exceeding 10000m3, use high-strength low alloy steel.

The common shapes of metal oil tanks include vertical cylindrical, horizontal cylindrical, spherical, etc. According to the top structure, vertical cylindrical oil tanks can be divided into Tras roof oil tank, weak rectangular roof oil tank, beam column roof oil tank, arch roof oil tank, sleeve roof oil tank and floating roof oil tank. The commonly used types are dome roof tanks and floating roof tanks. The dome roof tank has a relatively simple structure and is usually used to store raw oil, finished oil, and aromatic products. Floating roof tanks are also divided into two types: inner floating roof tanks and outer floating roof tanks. There is a steel floating roof inside the oil tank, which floats on the oil surface and rises and falls with the oil surface. The floating term not only reduces oil consumption, but also reduces the risk of fire and air pollution. Especially for internal floating roof tanks, the evaporation loss is relatively small, which can reduce the oxidation of oil by air, ensure the quality of stored oil, and is more conducive to fire protection. At present, internal floating roof tanks are widely used domestically and internationally to store volatile light oil products, making them a widely used oil storage tank.

Horizontal cylindrical fuel tanks are also widely used. Due to its ability to withstand high positive and negative pressures, it is beneficial to reduce oil evaporation loss and reduce fire risk. It can be mechanically manufactured in bulk and then transported to the construction site for installation, making it easy to handle and dismantle, and has good mobility. The disadvantage is that the capacity is usually small, the usage is large, and the floor area is large. Suitable for small distribution oil depots, rural oil depots, urban gas stations, military oil field oil depots, or enterprise affiliated oil depots. It is also used as an auxiliary fuel tank for large oil depots, such as ventilation tanks and metering tanks.

Spherical oil tanks have the characteristics of pressure resistance and material saving, and are often used in liquefied petroleum gas systems and high-pressure solvent storage tanks.

(2) Non-metallic fuel tank

There are various types of non-metallic oil tanks, including earthen oil tanks, brick oil tanks, petroleum tanks, reinforced concrete oil tanks, fiberglass oil tanks, oil resistant rubber oil tanks, etc. Oil tanks and brick oil tanks are widely used for storing crude oil and heavy oil. The significant advantages of this type of fuel tank are steel saving, good corrosion resistance, and long service life. The thermal conductivity of non-metallic materials is relatively small. When storing crude oil or light oil products, the temperature change inside the storage tank is relatively small, which can reduce evaporation loss and reduce fire risk. Due to the high stiffness of non-metallic tanks and their ability to withstand significant external pressure, they are suitable for constructing underground or semi underground oil tanks, which is beneficial for concealment and insulation. However, once the foundation sinks, the fuel tank is prone to rupture and is difficult to repair. Its other major drawback is leakage. Although anti-seepage treatment has been carried out before use, the anti-seepage technology has not yet been fully resolved.

(3) Underground oil tank

Underground oil tank refers to an oil tank with a high oil level within the tank that is 0.2m higher than the lower level of adjacent areas, and a soil cover thickness of no less than 0.5m on the top of the tank. This type of oil tank has low loss and low risk of ignition.

(4) Semi underground oil tank

A semi underground oil tank refers to an oil tank that is buried deeper than half the height of the tank, and the high oil level inside the tank is not higher than the low elevation of the adjacent area by 2 meters.

(5) Above ground fuel tank

Above ground oil tank refers to an oil tank whose foundation is higher than or equal to the lower elevation of adjacent areas